@conference {
	title = {Robust Free-Text Speaker Identification Over Long Distance Telephone Channels},
	author = {Kao, Yu-Hung., Rajasekaran, P K. , Baras, John S.},
	year = {1992},
	month = {10/1992},
	abstract = {Usable free-text speaker identification and voice verification systems must exhibit robustness under varying Operational conditions. We study the degree of robustness provided by various signal processing techniques [1] [2] [3] by experimenting on a widely used long distance telephone data base [4] [5]~[6]. This data base consists of data recorded at two different sites, with data from one site much poorer in quality than the other; further, the recording equipment had been inadvertently changed for the later half of the sessions resulting in a significantly changed environment. Our study identifies the combination of techniques that provide consistent and significant improvements, our results surpass other published results [4] [5]~[6] on the same task. Specifically, in the task of identifying 16 speakers, with training data from the recording prior to equipment change and testing on data from a set after the change (the most challenging condition), we obtain a correct identification rate of 87.5\% with an average rank of 1.12; [4]~obtains the hitherto best result of 75\% correct identification with an average rank of 1.56; without any robustness processing, the rate was only 12\%. Detailed results on exhaustive experimentation are presented along with appropriate discussions.},
	address = {Piscataway, New Jersey},
	booktitle = { IEEE Workshop on Interactive Voice Technology for Telecommunications Applications},
	pages = {pp. 1-5}
}
